This issue can be referred to two matters:
Firstly, the permissibility of combining prayers in advance without any excuse such as rain or travel. The majority of the Hanafis, Malikis, and Shafi’is hold the view that it is not permissible, while the Hanbalis permit it. The Hanbalis base their view on the hadith of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that the Prophet (peace be upon him) combined prayers without being on a journey or due to rain.
Secondly, does it require continuity between the combined prayers (Dhuhr and Asr), or is it permissible to have a gap between them? The majority view is that continuity is a condition for combining prayers because combining requires performing the prayers together, and having a gap contradicts the concept of combining. This is the view of the Hanafis, Malikis, Shafi’is, and some Hanbalis. However, Ibn Taymiyyah among the Hanbalis and Al-Istakhri among the Shafi’is argued that continuity is not a condition because combining is concerning the time not the prayer. As long as the time of a prayer has not ended, combining is permissible even if there is a gap between the performed prayers.
Based on this, it is permissible to do as mentioned in the question according to the view of Ibn Taymiyyah and some Shafi’is.
Fatwa by: Dr. Khalid Nasr